Automatic test cases generation from software specifications modules

A new technique is proposed in this paper to extend the Integrated Classification Tree Methodology (ICTM) developed by Chen et al. [13] This software assists testers to construct test cases from functional specifications. A Unified Modelling Language (UML) class diagram and Object Constraint Language (OCL) are used in this paper to represent the software specifications. Each classification and associated class in the software specification is represented by classes and attributes in the class diagram. Software specification relationships are represented by associated and hierarchical relationships in the class diagram. To ensure that relationships are consistent, an automatic methodology is proposed to capture and control the class relationships in a systematic way. This can help to reduce duplication and illegitimate test cases, which improves the testing efficiency and minimises the time and cost of the testing. The methodology introduced in this paper extracts only the legitimate test cases, by removing the duplicate test cases and those incomputable with the software specifications. Large amounts of time would have been needed to execute all of the test cases; therefore, a methodology was proposed which aimed to select a best testing path. This path guarantees the highest coverage of system units and avoids using all generated test cases. This path reduces the time and cost of the testing

The Influence of SMS Advertising by Jordanian Commercial Companies on Mobile Phone Users' Consuming Behaviour

This research aims to study the influence of SMS advertising used by Jordanian commercial companies on the behaviour of a number of mobile phones users. It is an empirical study on a sample of consumers in Jordan. A random sample of 250 Jordanians living in the various provinces was selected and a questionnaire was distributed, while a descriptive analytical approach was used to analyse the data collected from the questionnaires. Results have shown that the majority of participants agreed that SMS ads are important to them and that it influences their purchase behaviour. The results also indicated that there is a significant correlation between the use of SMS advertising and all consumer purchase behaviour variable, though weak. In addition, results have shown that there is a statistically significant correlation between the 'use of SMS ads' variable and consumer purchase motivations. Its interpretation ability was larger than its influence on purchase behaviour variables combined. The research arrived at a set of recommendations. Key words:  SMS ads, Jordanian Commercial, mobile phones, Consuming Behaviour

Software test case generation from system models and specification. Use of the UML diagrams and High Level Petri Nets models for developing software test cases.

The main part in the testing of the software is in the generation of test cases suitable for software system testing. The quality of the test cases plays a major role in reducing the time of software system testing and subsequently reduces the cost. The test cases, in model de- sign stages, are used to detect the faults before implementing it. This early detection offers more flexibility to correct the faults in early stages rather than latter ones. The best of these tests, that covers both static and dynamic software system model specifications, is one of the chal- lenges in the software testing. The static and dynamic specifications could be represented efficiently by Unified Modelling Language (UML) class diagram and sequence diagram. The work in this thesis shows that High Level Petri Nets (HLPN) can represent both of them in one model. Using a proper model in the representation of the software specifications is essential to generate proper test cases. The research presented in this thesis introduces novel and automated test cases generation techniques that can be used within a software sys- tem design testing. Furthermore, this research introduces e cient au- tomated technique to generate a formal software system model (HLPN) from semi-formal models (UML diagrams). The work in this thesis con- sists of four stages: (1) generating test cases from class diagram and Object Constraint Language (OCL) that can be used for testing the software system static specifications (the structure) (2) combining class diagram, sequence diagram and OCL to generate test cases able to cover both static and dynamic specifications (3) generating HLPN automat- ically from single or multi sequence diagrams (4) generating test cases from HLPN. The test cases that are generated in this work covered the structural and behavioural of the software system model. In first two phases of this work, the class diagram and sequence diagram are decomposed to nodes (edges) which are linked by Classes Hierarchy Table (CHu) and Edges Relationships Table (ERT) as well. The linking process based on the classes and edges relationships. The relationships of the software system components have been controlled by consistency checking technique, and the detection of these relationships has been automated. The test cases were generated based on these interrelationships. These test cases have been reduced to a minimum number and the best test case has been selected in every stage. The degree of similarity between test cases is used to ignore the similar test cases in order to avoid the redundancy. The transformation from UML sequence diagram (s) to HLPN facilitates the simpli cation of software system model and introduces formal model rather than semi-formal one. After decomposing the sequence diagram to Combined Fragments, the proposed technique converts each Combined Fragment to the corresponding block in HLPN. These blocks are con- nected together in Combined Fragments Net (CFN) to construct the the HLPN model. The experimentations with the proposed techniques show the effectiveness of these techniques in covering most of the software system specifications

Transforming UML sequence diagram to high level Petri Net

This paper presents a new methodology to transform the UML sequence and class diagrams into High Level Petri Nets (HLPN), this transformation helps the software designers to analyse the non-functional requirements. Sequence diagram and class diagram are used as source of software specifications, in addition to use the Object Constraint Language (OCL). HLPN is used to represent a formal semantic framework for the UML notations and combine the structural and behavioural specifications. In this paper, a combined fragment nets technique is used to decompose and analyse the sequence diagram combined fragments to be capable of gathering again in the form of HLPN. The combined fragments that are covered in this work are sequence, loop, parallel, alternative, option and break. These combined fragments work together to perform the situations that can be modelled by HLPN (synchronization, sequentiality and concurrency

The Impact of Frequent Use Email When Creating Account at the Websites on the Users Privacy and Security

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Software test case generation from system models and specification : use of the UML diagrams and high level Petri nets models for developing software test cases

The main part in the testing of the software is in the generation of test cases suitable for software system testing. The quality of the test cases plays a major role in reducing the time of software system testing and subsequently reduces the cost. The test cases, in model de- sign stages, are used to detect the faults before implementing it. This early detection offers more flexibility to correct the faults in early stages rather than latter ones. The best of these tests, that covers both static and dynamic software system model specifications, is one of the chal- lenges in the software testing. The static and dynamic specifications could be represented efficiently by Unified Modelling Language (UML) class diagram and sequence diagram. The work in this thesis shows that High Level Petri Nets (HLPN) can represent both of them in one model. Using a proper model in the representation of the software specifications is essential to generate proper test cases. The research presented in this thesis introduces novel and automated test cases generation techniques that can be used within a software sys- tem design testing. Furthermore, this research introduces e cient au- tomated technique to generate a formal software system model (HLPN) from semi-formal models (UML diagrams). The work in this thesis con- sists of four stages: (1) generating test cases from class diagram and Object Constraint Language (OCL) that can be used for testing the software system static specifications (the structure) (2) combining class diagram, sequence diagram and OCL to generate test cases able to cover both static and dynamic specifications (3) generating HLPN automat- ically from single or multi sequence diagrams (4) generating test cases from HLPN. The test cases that are generated in this work covered the structural and behavioural of the software system model. In first two phases of this work, the class diagram and sequence diagram are decomposed to nodes (edges) which are linked by Classes Hierarchy Table (CHu) and Edges Relationships Table (ERT) as well. The linking process based on the classes and edges relationships. The relationships of the software system components have been controlled by consistency checking technique, and the detection of these relationships has been automated. The test cases were generated based on these interrelationships. These test cases have been reduced to a minimum number and the best test case has been selected in every stage. The degree of similarity between test cases is used to ignore the similar test cases in order to avoid the redundancy. The transformation from UML sequence diagram (s) to HLPN facilitates the simpli cation of software system model and introduces formal model rather than semi-formal one. After decomposing the sequence diagram to Combined Fragments, the proposed technique converts each Combined Fragment to the corresponding block in HLPN. These blocks are con- nected together in Combined Fragments Net (CFN) to construct the the HLPN model. The experimentations with the proposed techniques show the effectiveness of these techniques in covering most of the software system specifications.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo

User Identification Based on the Dynamic Features Extracted from Handwriting on Touchscreen Devices

Abstract - This research presents a methodology for user identification using ten English words written by a finger on smartphone and mini-tablet. This research considers three features, namely Signature Precision (SP), Finger Pressure (FP), and Movement Time (MT) that were extracted from each of ten English words using dynamic time warping. The features are then used individually and combined for the purpose of user identification based on the Euclidean distance and the k-nearest neighbor classifier. We concluded that the best identification accuracy results from the combinations of (SP and FP) features with an average accuracies of 74.55% and 69% were achieved on small smartphone and Mini-tablet respectively using a dataset of 42 users